The largest county in Massachusetts

There are two right answers. By land area it is Worcester County; by population it is Middlesex County. Which one you want depends on what you meant by largest.

Largest by land area

Worcester County

1,511 sq mi

19.4% of Massachusetts's land

Largest by population

Middlesex County

1,669,979 people

23.3% of Massachusetts's population

Sources: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026; US Census Bureau, Gazetteer Files, 2025 Gazetteer Files, released 10 September 2025. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

By land area

The ten largest counties of Massachusetts by land area. Land area excludes inland and coastal water.
RankNameLand areaPopulation
1Worcester County1,511 sq mi888,502
2Berkshire County926.9 sq mi128,224
3Middlesex County817.9 sq mi1,669,979
4Franklin County699.2 sq mi70,698
5Plymouth County658.5 sq mi546,829
6Hampden County617 sq mi464,338
7Bristol County553.1 sq mi593,640
8Hampshire County527.2 sq mi164,065
9Essex County492.5 sq mi826,653
10Norfolk County396.1 sq mi739,749

By population

The ten most populous counties of Massachusetts, from the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 estimates.
RankNamePopulationDensity
1Middlesex County1,669,9792,042 per sq mi
2Worcester County888,502588 per sq mi
3Essex County826,6531,678 per sq mi
4Suffolk County791,89113,593 per sq mi
5Norfolk County739,7491,868 per sq mi
6Bristol County593,6401,073 per sq mi
7Plymouth County546,829830 per sq mi
8Hampden County464,338753 per sq mi
9Barnstable County233,539592 per sq mi
10Hampshire County164,065311 per sq mi

And the smallest

Smallest by land area

Nantucket County

46.2 sq mi

Least populous

Nantucket County

14,758 people

More on Massachusetts

Rebuilt from source data 30 August 2026. How these figures are produced.