County Maps US

Madison County, Virginia

A county in Virginia, ranked 102 of 133 by population.

CountyFIPS 51113

Within Virginia
Madison County, highlighted, with the areas around it. Boundaries generalised from the 2025 Census cartographic boundary file; neighbour fills carry no data. The dot marks Madison, the county seat, located via the 2025 Census Gazetteer.

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Population
14,237
+375 (+2.7%) since 2020
Land area
320.6
square miles. A further 0.4% of the total area is water
Population density
44.4
people per square mile, computed rather than published
County seat
Madison
Seat of county government.
Established
1792
233 years ago
Largest city
Madison town
Population 211.

Sources: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026; US Census Bureau, Gazetteer Files, 2025 Gazetteer Files, released 10 September 2025; Wikidata (CC0), Wikidata. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

Satellite view

Aerial imagery of Madison County with its boundary drawn on top. A map shows you the shape; this shows you what is inside it, and which side of the line a place falls on.

Aerial view of Madison County, Virginia from the USGS National Map, with its boundary outlined
Imagery: USGS National Map, USGS Imagery Only, public domain, requested from USGS by your browser when you reach this point on the page, at 607 by 800 pixels. The boundary is the 2025 Census cartographic boundary file, reprojected to Web Mercator to match the imagery. You can also open the USGS National Map viewer.

Where Madison County ranks

Position among the 133 counties and independent cities of Virginia, and among all 3,144 US counties and county-equivalents. Computed from the figures on this page.

MeasureValueIn VirginiaNationally
Population14,237102nd of 1332,142nd of 3,144
Land area320.6 sq mi62nd of 1332,759th of 3,144
Population density44.4 per sq mi105th of 1331,580th of 3,144
Median household income$84,32341st of 133442nd of 3,143

Full data for Madison County

Every figure below is attributed to the Census Bureau product it came from, with the vintage of that product.
MeasureValueSource and vintage
Population14,237Vintage 2025 Population Estimates
Population in 202013,862Vintage 2025 Population Estimates
2020 estimates base?13,842Vintage 2025 Population Estimates
Land area320.6 sq mi2025 Gazetteer Files
Water area1.2 sq mi2025 Gazetteer Files
Total area321.9 sq mi2025 Gazetteer Files
Population density?44.4 per sq miComputed: Vintage 2025 estimates divided by 2025 Gazetteer land area
Median household income$84,323American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median home value$370,300American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median age46.4American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Households5,482American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Housing units6,140American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates

Sources: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026; US Census Bureau, Gazetteer Files, 2025 Gazetteer Files, released 10 September 2025; US Census Bureau, American Community Survey, American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates, released 29 January 2026. Population density is computed here, not published: it divides the Vintage 2025 population estimate by the 2025 Gazetteer land area, which are two different Census products. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

How the population changed

The Census Bureau publishes the components behind an estimate, not just the total. For the year to July 2025:

Births minus deaths
-39
132 births, 171 deaths
Net migration
+50
More people moved in than moved out.

Source: US Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025 Population Estimates, released 26 March 2026. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

The 5 areas bordering Madison County

Ordered by the length of the border actually shared, which the Census Bureau publishes in its county adjacency file and which no other county reference presents.

Bordering areaStateShared borderPopulation
Culpeper CountyVirginia26 mi57,666
Greene CountyVirginia24 mi21,958
Orange CountyVirginia22 mi40,083
Page CountyVirginia16 mi23,762
Rappahannock CountyVirginia8.7 mi7,439

Source: US Census Bureau, County Adjacency File, 2025 County Adjacency File, released 15 September 2025. Retrieved 30 August 2026.

All 133 counties and independent cities of Virginia

Open the interactive Virginia county map, or jump straight to any of them.

Data on this page last rebuilt 30 August 2026. How these figures are produced.